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Anaesthesia · Airway management: Pierre Robin sequence
Sample itemA neonate with Pierre Robin sequence (micrognathia and glossoptosis) needs general anaesthesia for a cleft palate procedure. Which strategy is preferred for securing the airway?
Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.
The answer and the reasoning
B. Maintain spontaneous ventilation with sevoflurane and avoid muscle relaxants until the airway is secured
The small mandible and posteriorly displaced tongue make laryngoscopy and mask ventilation difficult, and loss of tone can cause complete obstruction. Spontaneous ventilation under inhalational anaesthesia keeps the tongue tone and allows a rescue plan, using videolaryngoscopy, fibreoptic equipment or a supraglottic device. Relaxants are given only after the airway is confirmed.
Option by option
A. Give a relaxant first to improve laryngoscopic view
Relaxation removes airway tone and can make mask ventilation impossible.
B. Maintain spontaneous ventilation with sevoflurane and avoid muscle relaxants until the airway is secured (correct)
Correct. Preserved spontaneous breathing gives a safety margin in a predicted difficult airway.
C. Give propofol and rocuronium and attempt direct laryngoscopy
Paralysis before the airway is secured risks a cannot intubate cannot oxygenate situation.
D. Use suxamethonium for rapid sequence induction
Suxamethonium in a neonate with a difficult airway adds risk without improving the view.
Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.
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