Renal physiology: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Renal physiology

Sample item

What is the effect of aldosterone in the distal nephron?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion

Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption through ENaC and promotes potassium and hydrogen secretion in the distal nephron.

Option by option

  • A. Increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion (correct)

    Correct: sodium retention and potassium loss are key effects.

  • B. Block hydrogen secretion completely

    Aldosterone promotes rather than blocks hydrogen secretion.

  • C. Stop water reabsorption in all segments

    Water handling also depends on ADH.

  • D. Increase glucose filtration

    Glucose filtration occurs at glomerulus.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is A, Increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption through ENaC and promotes potassium and hydrogen secretion in the distal nephron.

Why is "Block hydrogen secretion completely" not the answer?

Aldosterone promotes rather than blocks hydrogen secretion.

Why is "Stop water reabsorption in all segments" not the answer?

Water handling also depends on ADH.

Why is "Increase glucose filtration" not the answer?

Glucose filtration occurs at glomerulus.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal physiology in Physiology. The correct option holds because: Correct: sodium retention and potassium loss are key effects.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal physiology?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.