Renal physiology: glomerular filtration: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Renal physiology: glomerular filtration

Sample item

Constriction of which arteriole initially increases glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and may increase GFR?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

C. Efferent arteriole

Moderate efferent arteriolar constriction raises pressure within glomerular capillaries and can increase GFR, although severe constriction eventually lowers renal blood flow and GFR. Angiotensin II has this effect.

Option by option

  • A. Afferent arteriole

    Afferent constriction lowers renal blood flow and glomerular pressure.

  • B. Renal vein

    Renal vein obstruction raises back pressure and impairs filtration.

  • C. Efferent arteriole (correct)

    Correct. Efferent constriction initially raises glomerular filtration pressure.

  • D. Vasa recta only

    Vasa recta regulate medullary exchange, not the primary glomerular arteriolar control.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is C, Efferent arteriole. Moderate efferent arteriolar constriction raises pressure within glomerular capillaries and can increase GFR, although severe constriction eventually lowers renal blood flow and GFR.

Why is "Afferent arteriole" not the answer?

Afferent constriction lowers renal blood flow and glomerular pressure.

Why is "Renal vein" not the answer?

Renal vein obstruction raises back pressure and impairs filtration.

Why is "Vasa recta only" not the answer?

Vasa recta regulate medullary exchange, not the primary glomerular arteriolar control.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Renal physiology: glomerular filtration in Physiology. Angiotensin II has this effect.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Renal physiology: glomerular filtration?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.