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Orthopaedics · Paediatric: Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Sample itemA 5-year-old boy uses his hands to climb up his thighs when rising from the floor and has enlarged calves. Which gene is affected?
Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.
The answer and the reasoning
A. Dystrophin gene on the X chromosome
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive disorder from mutation of the dystrophin gene at Xp21. Features are Gowers sign, calf pseudohypertrophy and markedly raised creatine kinase. Corticosteroids slow the progress.
Option by option
A. Dystrophin gene on the X chromosome (correct)
Correct. Dystrophin deficiency causes DMD.
B. PMP22 gene
PMP22 duplication causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A.
C. FMR1 gene
FMR1 expansion causes fragile X syndrome.
D. SMN1 gene on chromosome 5
SMN1 mutation causes spinal muscular atrophy.
Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.
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