Stomach: gastric volvulus: practice question

A General Surgery question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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General Surgery · Stomach: gastric volvulus

Sample item

An elderly woman with a large paraoesophageal hiatus hernia has sudden severe epigastric pain, retching without vomiting, and inability to pass a nasogastric tube. What is this triad called?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Borchardt triad

Borchardt triad indicates acute gastric volvulus, an emergency because of the risk of ischaemia and perforation. Management includes decompression if possible and surgical reduction with gastropexy and hernia repair. Charcot triad relates to cholangitis, Beck to tamponade and Whipple to insulinoma.

Option by option

  • A. Borchardt triad (correct)

    Correct. This triad characterises acute gastric volvulus.

  • B. Whipple triad

    Whipple triad is symptoms of hypoglycaemia with low glucose and relief on glucose.

  • C. Beck triad

    Beck triad includes hypotension, muffled heart sounds and raised JVP.

  • D. Charcot triad

    Charcot triad is fever, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More General Surgery questions

Questions about this General Surgery question

What is the answer to this General Surgery question?

The best answer is A, Borchardt triad. Borchardt triad indicates acute gastric volvulus, an emergency because of the risk of ischaemia and perforation.

Why is "Whipple triad" not the answer?

Whipple triad is symptoms of hypoglycaemia with low glucose and relief on glucose.

Why is "Beck triad" not the answer?

Beck triad includes hypotension, muffled heart sounds and raised JVP.

Why is "Charcot triad" not the answer?

Charcot triad is fever, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Stomach: gastric volvulus in General Surgery. Management includes decompression if possible and surgical reduction with gastropexy and hernia repair. Charcot triad relates to cholangitis, Beck to tamponade and Whipple to insulinoma.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Stomach: gastric volvulus?

Learn classic signs and eponyms alongside what they diagnose. Then use the flashcards and the other General Surgery questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.