Gastrointestinal hormones: practice question

A Physiology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Physiology · Gastrointestinal hormones

Sample item

After a fatty meal, a hormone released from duodenal I cells causes gallbladder contraction and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi. Which hormone is it?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Cholecystokinin

Fatty acids and amino acids in the duodenum stimulate release of cholecystokinin from I cells. It contracts the gallbladder, relaxes the sphincter of Oddi, stimulates enzyme-rich pancreatic secretion and slows gastric emptying.

Option by option

  • A. Secretin

    Secretin is released by acid and mainly causes bicarbonate secretion, not gallbladder contraction.

  • B. Vasoactive intestinal peptide

    Vasoactive intestinal peptide relaxes smooth muscle and stimulates intestinal fluid secretion but is not the postprandial gallbladder trigger.

  • C. Gastric inhibitory peptide

    Gastric inhibitory peptide is released by glucose and fat and mainly enhances insulin release and reduces gastric acid.

  • D. Cholecystokinin (correct)

    Correct. Cholecystokinin is the main stimulus for gallbladder emptying after fat intake.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Physiology question

What is the answer to this Physiology question?

The best answer is D, Cholecystokinin. Fatty acids and amino acids in the duodenum stimulate release of cholecystokinin from I cells.

Why is "Secretin" not the answer?

Secretin is released by acid and mainly causes bicarbonate secretion, not gallbladder contraction.

Why is "Vasoactive intestinal peptide" not the answer?

Vasoactive intestinal peptide relaxes smooth muscle and stimulates intestinal fluid secretion but is not the postprandial gallbladder trigger.

Why is "Gastric inhibitory peptide" not the answer?

Gastric inhibitory peptide is released by glucose and fat and mainly enhances insulin release and reduces gastric acid.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Gastrointestinal hormones in Physiology. It contracts the gallbladder, relaxes the sphincter of Oddi, stimulates enzyme-rich pancreatic secretion and slows gastric emptying.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Gastrointestinal hormones?

For each system, sketch the key graph (pressure–volume loop, oxygen dissociation curve, nephron handling) and explain it aloud. Then use the flashcards and the other Physiology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.