The mnemonic
Beck's triad
What each word stands for
- HypotensionFalling cardiac output
- Raised JVPImpaired venous return to the right heart
- Muffled heart soundsFluid around the heart dampens sound
Why it matters clinically
A cardiac emergency treated by pericardiocentesis or surgical drainage. Pulsus paradoxus supports the diagnosis.
Where it stops being reliable
The full triad is present in a minority of cases and may be absent in hypovolaemia. Echocardiography makes the diagnosis.
Teaching aid, still awaiting independent review. Confirm facts in a standard source.