Squint: V pattern: practice question

A Ophthalmology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Ophthalmology · Squint: V pattern

Sample item

A child has exotropia of 10 prism dioptres in downgaze and 30 prism dioptres in upgaze, with overaction of both inferior obliques. Which pattern is this?

AA-pattern exotropiaBV-pattern exotropiaCBrown syndromeDDuane retraction syndrome

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. V-pattern exotropia

A V pattern is a deviation that increases in upgaze, commonly associated with inferior oblique overaction. An A pattern increases in downgaze and goes with superior oblique overaction. Duane and Brown syndromes show restricted movement.

Option by option

A. A-pattern exotropia
An A pattern shows increasing divergence in downgaze.
B. V-pattern exotropia (correct)
Correct. Divergence that increases in upgaze defines a V pattern.
C. Brown syndrome
Brown syndrome shows limited elevation in adduction.
D. Duane retraction syndrome
Duane syndrome shows limited abduction with globe retraction.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

Questions about this Ophthalmology question

What is the answer to this Ophthalmology question?

The best answer is B, V-pattern exotropia. A V pattern is a deviation that increases in upgaze, commonly associated with inferior oblique overaction.

Why is "A-pattern exotropia" not the answer?

An A pattern shows increasing divergence in downgaze.

Why is "Brown syndrome" not the answer?

Brown syndrome shows limited elevation in adduction.

Why is "Duane retraction syndrome" not the answer?

Duane syndrome shows limited abduction with globe retraction.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Squint: V pattern in Ophthalmology. An A pattern increases in downgaze and goes with superior oblique overaction. Duane and Brown syndromes show restricted movement.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as a multi-step question: it asks you to combine more than one idea. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Squint: V pattern?

Group the red eye by what to examine and what the pupil does. Then use the flashcards and the other Ophthalmology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.