Bias: practice question

A PSM question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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PSM · Bias

Sample item

What type of bias occurs when cases remember a past exposure more completely than controls?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

A. Recall bias

Recall bias occurs when accuracy or completeness of remembered exposure differs between groups, a particular concern in retrospective case-control studies.

Option by option

  • A. Recall bias (correct)

    Correct: differential recollection of exposure is recall bias.

  • B. Selection bias

    Selection bias arises from how participants enter or remain in a study.

  • C. Observer-expectancy bias

    Observer expectancy relates to assessment influenced by beliefs.

  • D. Lead-time bias

    Lead-time bias affects apparent survival after screening.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More PSM questions

Questions about this PSM question

What is the answer to this PSM question?

The best answer is A, Recall bias. Recall bias occurs when accuracy or completeness of remembered exposure differs between groups, a particular concern in retrospective case-control studies.

Why is "Selection bias" not the answer?

Selection bias arises from how participants enter or remain in a study.

Why is "Observer-expectancy bias" not the answer?

Observer expectancy relates to assessment influenced by beliefs.

Why is "Lead-time bias" not the answer?

Lead-time bias affects apparent survival after screening.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Bias in PSM. The correct option holds because: Correct: differential recollection of exposure is recall bias.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Bias?

Practise biostatistics with small calculations until sensitivity, predictive values and risk measures are automatic. Then use the flashcards and the other PSM questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.