Study design: practice question

A PSM question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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PSM · Study design

Sample item

Why is intention-to-treat analysis used in randomized trials?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Preserve benefits of original random allocation

Intention-to-treat analyses participants in assigned groups regardless of adherence, preserving randomization and estimating real-world assignment effect.

Option by option

  • A. Eliminate missing data

    Missing data still need handling.

  • B. Increase blinding after study ends

    Blinding is separate.

  • C. Exclude nonadherent participants automatically

    Excluding nonadherence can introduce bias.

  • D. Preserve benefits of original random allocation (correct)

    Correct: it protects random allocation balance.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

More PSM questions

Questions about this PSM question

What is the answer to this PSM question?

The best answer is D, Preserve benefits of original random allocation. Intention-to-treat analyses participants in assigned groups regardless of adherence, preserving randomization and estimating real-world assignment effect.

Why is "Eliminate missing data" not the answer?

Missing data still need handling.

Why is "Increase blinding after study ends" not the answer?

Blinding is separate.

Why is "Exclude nonadherent participants automatically" not the answer?

Excluding nonadherence can introduce bias.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Study design in PSM. The correct option holds because: Correct: it protects random allocation balance.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Study design?

Practise biostatistics with small calculations until sensitivity, predictive values and risk measures are automatic. Then use the flashcards and the other PSM questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.