Maxillofacial surgery: endocarditis prophylaxis: practice question

A Dentistry question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Dentistry · Maxillofacial surgery: endocarditis prophylaxis

Sample item

A patient with a prosthetic heart valve needs a dental extraction. Which prophylaxis is appropriate?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

B. Single dose of amoxicillin 2 g orally 30 to 60 minutes before

Patients with prosthetic valves are at the highest risk of infective endocarditis and need a single preprocedure dose of an antibiotic, usually amoxicillin 2 g, for procedures manipulating gingival tissue. Alternatives are used in penicillin allergy.

Option by option

  • A. Vancomycin only in all patients

    Vancomycin is reserved for specific allergy or resistance.

  • B. Single dose of amoxicillin 2 g orally 30 to 60 minutes before (correct)

    Correct. This is the standard regimen.

  • C. Gentamicin for 3 days

    A multi-day course is not recommended.

  • D. No prophylaxis because risk is low

    Prosthetic valve patients are high risk.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Dentistry question

What is the answer to this Dentistry question?

The best answer is B, Single dose of amoxicillin 2 g orally 30 to 60 minutes before. Patients with prosthetic valves are at the highest risk of infective endocarditis and need a single preprocedure dose of an antibiotic, usually amoxicillin 2 g, for procedures manipulating gingival tissue.

Why is "Vancomycin only in all patients" not the answer?

Vancomycin is reserved for specific allergy or resistance.

Why is "Gentamicin for 3 days" not the answer?

A multi-day course is not recommended.

Why is "No prophylaxis because risk is low" not the answer?

Prosthetic valve patients are high risk.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Maxillofacial surgery: endocarditis prophylaxis in Dentistry. Alternatives are used in penicillin allergy.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Maxillofacial surgery: endocarditis prophylaxis?

Learn the dental formula, eruption ages and tooth structure once, as tables. Then use the flashcards and the other Dentistry questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.