Transplant pathology: chronic rejection: practice question

A Pathology question in the style of the NEET PG paper. Answer it first, then read why the right option is right and why each of the others is wrong.

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Pathology · Transplant pathology: chronic rejection

Sample item

Which finding best characterizes chronic allograft rejection?

Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.

The answer and the reasoning

D. Progressive graft arteriosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis over months to years

Chronic rejection develops gradually through immune-mediated vascular narrowing, interstitial fibrosis, and graft parenchymal atrophy. It is difficult to reverse and differs from hyperacute antibody-mediated graft thrombosis.

Option by option

  • A. Rapid neutrophil infiltration from bacterial infection only

    Bacterial infection is a separate process.

  • B. Immediate thrombosis minutes after reperfusion

    Immediate thrombosis is hyperacute rejection.

  • C. Isolated postoperative fever on day one

    Early fever is nonspecific and not diagnostic of chronic rejection.

  • D. Progressive graft arteriosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis over months to years (correct)

    Correct. Fibrosis and graft vasculopathy define chronic rejection.

Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.

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Questions about this Pathology question

What is the answer to this Pathology question?

The best answer is D, Progressive graft arteriosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis over months to years. Chronic rejection develops gradually through immune-mediated vascular narrowing, interstitial fibrosis, and graft parenchymal atrophy.

Why is "Rapid neutrophil infiltration from bacterial infection only" not the answer?

Bacterial infection is a separate process.

Why is "Immediate thrombosis minutes after reperfusion" not the answer?

Immediate thrombosis is hyperacute rejection.

Why is "Isolated postoperative fever on day one" not the answer?

Early fever is nonspecific and not diagnostic of chronic rejection.

What concept does this question test?

It tests Transplant pathology: chronic rejection in Pathology. It is difficult to reverse and differs from hyperacute antibody-mediated graft thrombosis.

How hard is this question?

We tag it as an application question: it asks you to use a fact on a patient or a finding. The tag is our own editorial judgement, not an official difficulty rating, so read the reason for every option, not only the answer.

How should I study Transplant pathology: chronic rejection?

Learn each disease as a bundle: cause, key histology, markers, and the clinical hallmark. Then use the flashcards and the other Pathology questions on this site to test what stuck.

Is this a real NEET PG question?

No. It is an original practice item (editorial status: sample, version 1). NextPrep does not publish recalled or leaked questions, and independent faculty review of this item has not been completed yet, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.