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PSM · Nutrition: scurvy
Sample itemA 9-month-old infant fed only boiled cow's milk is irritable, has swollen tender legs held in a frog-leg position, and bleeding gums. X-ray shows a ground-glass appearance of bones. Which vitamin deficiency is responsible?
Original practice item, not a recalled exam question. Nothing here is recorded.
The answer and the reasoning
C. Vitamin C
Vitamin C is needed for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis, so deficiency causes weak capillaries and bleeding under the periosteum and gums. Infants fed boiled milk lack the vitamin since it is heat labile. Citrus fruits, amla and guava are rich sources.
Option by option
A. Vitamin A
Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness and xerophthalmia.
B. Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets with widened growth plates and bowing.
C. Vitamin C (correct)
Correct. Infantile scurvy from a vitamin C deficient diet causes subperiosteal haemorrhage and bleeding gums.
D. Vitamin K
Vitamin K deficiency causes bleeding but not painful pseudoparalysis with bone changes.
Source note: Original NextPrep sample item — pending expert review. This item is original practice material awaiting independent expert review, so confirm important facts in a standard textbook.
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